How Many Kinds of Wudus are there?

                                               

                                                 
                                                 Islam the Religion of Peace
                                            How Many Kinds of Wudus are there?
There are three kinds of wudus in terms of religious properties:
1 - Wudus that are fard,
2 - Wudus that are wajib,
3 - Wudus that are mandub.

Wudus that are Fard:
It is fard to make wudu for a person who has no wudu if he wants to perform a prayer, whether it is a supererogatory prayer or a janazah prayer.
It is also necessary to have wudu to perform a tilawah sajdah and to touch the Quran.

Wudus that are Wajib:
It is wajib to have wudu to circumambulate the Kaaba. If Kaaba is circumambulated without wudu, the circumambulation is valid but it becomes necessary to sacrifice an animal or to give sadaqah based the kind of circumambulation since a wajib is abandoned.
It is wajib to make wudu to touch tafsir books in order to show respect to the Quran.

Wudus that are Mandub:
It is mandub (mustahab) to make wudu regarding several other issues not mentioned above. Some of them are as follows:
* It is mandub to make wudu to hold religious books like fiqh, hadith, aqaid. Wudu is made to read these books in order to show respect to religious sciences.
Salaf scholars were very careful about this issue. Imam Hulwani said, "We attained this level in science due to the respect we showed to science. I never held any paper without wudu."
Imam Sarakhsi suffered from an intestine illness one night. He said, "I made wudu seventeen times that night in order to continue my scholarly study."
* It is mandub to make wudu before going to bed.
* To make wudu after getting up.
* To make wudu in order to have wudu all the time.
* To make wudu though one has wudu.
* To make wudu after accidental backbiting, lies, gossip and cursing.
* To make wudu after laughing aloud.
* To make wudu in order to eliminate one's fury.
The Prophet stated the following regarding the issue:
"Fury is of Satan. Satan was created out of fire. Only water can extinguish a fire. Thus, if any of you gets furious, he should make wudu."
* To make wudu in order to read the Quran out of memory.
* To make wudu in order to read and narrate hadiths.
* To make wudu in order to read or teach a religious subject.
* To make wudu in order to stand in Arafat and make sa'y between Safa and Marwa.
* To make wudu in order to get rid of the controversial issues like whether touching a woman invalidates wudu or not.
* To make wudu in order to wash a dead body and take part in funeral.

What are the Things that do not Invalidate Wudu?

                                     

                                       Islam the Religion of Peace
                           What are the Things that do not Invalidate Wudu?
1 – If blood comes out from anywhere in the body but remains where it is and does not diffuse, it does not invalidate wudu. Wiping this blood with the hand or a piece of cotton does not invalidate wudu.
2 – Blood clot, flesh or skin falling off from a wound.
3 – To touch private parts. There is no difference whether one touches the private parts of a woman or man. Wudu is not invalidated only by touching with the hand.
* According to Shafiis, if a man or woman holds his/her own or others' private parts with the inner part of his /her hand, his/her  private parts, his/her wudu is invalidated.
4 – If a man touches any part of a woman other than her private parts, his wudu is not invalidated. However, if he is aroused and wetness called madi occurs, his wudu is invalidated.
* According to Shafiis, if a man touches a non-mahram woman, his wudu is invalidated. If he touches a mahram woman, his wudu is not invalidated.
5 – Vomiting less than a mouthful.
6 – To spit out phlegm. According to Abu Hanifa and Imam Muhammad, the amount of phlegm is not important.
7 – To sleep by sitting without losing his control, like sleeping cross-legged.
8 – To cry does not invalidate wudu. To laugh does not invalidate wudu except in prayer.
9 – The blood sucked by a flea, mosquito and housefly until they are full.
10 – To smile in prayer.
11 – To clip one's mustache, to have a haircut, to trim one's nails when one has wudu do not invalidate wudu.
12 – According to Malikis, if a person definitely knows that he has made wudu but hesitates whether he has broken his wudu or not, his wudu is invalidated but according to the other three madhhabs, his wudu is not invalidated.
It is more appropriate to act cautiously regarding issues whether wudu is invalidated or not. It is not necessary but it is more appropriate for an imam to make sure that he has wudu according to the other madhhabs, too.

What are the Things that Invalidate Wudu?

                                                          Islam the Religion of Peace
                                 

                                              What are the Things that Invalidate Wudu?
1 – Any dirty things, liquid or substance like urine, feces, sperm, madi, blood, etc coming out of urinary tract and anus.
2 – Wind coming out of anus (farting).
3 – Apart from the urinary tract and anus, liquid like blood, pus, yellow water coming from any part of the body. The blood that comes out of the body does not invalidate wudu unless it flows or it diffuses on its own around the place where it comes out of.  The pus and yellow water coming out of a wound. If this liquid, which does not diffuse on its own, is wiped, wudu is not invalidated. Blood extracted through cupping and leeches.
As for the liquids other than blood, pus and yellow water, they invalidate wudu if they flow due to an illness. For instance, if a person's eyes water due to an eye illness, his wudu is invalidated.  The liquids that come out due to causes other than illnesses do not invalidate wudu. For instance, tears shed due to crying and laughing a lot or liquid coming out of the nose due to cold weather do not invalidate wudu.
Pure water coming out of blisters on the body is like blood and invalidates wudu according to a view. According to another view, it does not invalidate wudu. In the second view, there is great ease for the people who have scabies and smallpox. It is reported from Imam Hulwani that there is no drawback to acting in accordance with this view when there is a necessity. The wetness caused by eczema and the rash between fingers do not invalidate wudu.
*According to Shafiis, liquids like blood, pus, yellow water, etc coming from any organs except the urinary tract and anus do not invalidate wudu
4 – To vomit a mouthful. The thing vomited may be food, water or bile. If a person vomits in small amounts, his wudu is invalidated if it amounts to a mouthful all together.
5 – If a person spits saliva in which blood is more than or equal to water. Which one is more is understood from the color. If it is yellow, water is more; if it is reddish, it is equal; if it is red, blood is more. If water in the saliva is more than blood, wudu is not invalidated. If traces of blood are seen when a person bites a quince, apple, etc, his wudu is not invalidated.
6 – Sleep that makes a person lose his control invalidates wudu whether he sleeps on his sides, on his back, face down or leaning on his elbow. A short nap in which a person can hear the talks around him does not invalidate wudu.
When a person sleeps by leaning on something, his wudu is invalidated if he falls when that thing is removed.
7 – To faint and be unconscious for a short or long time.
8 – To laugh in prayer. To smile and to laugh are different. To laugh is aloud and it is heard. Therefore, it invalidates wudu if one laughs while performing a prayer. When wudu is invalidated, the prayer is also invalidated. To smile is silent; therefore, it does not invalidate prayer or wudu. However, if a person laughs slightly so that only he himself hears it, his prayer is invalidated but his wudu is valid.
* According to Shafiis, wudu is not invalidated even if a person laughs loudly while performing a prayer.
9 – Sexual intercourse or extreme touching and contact. According to Hanafis, if the skins of a woman and man touch each other, their wudu is not invalidated but if they contact each other extremely while they are naked or without any garment that will prevent them from feeling the heat of their bodies, caress, hug each other lustfully, their wudu is invalidated. According to the most of the Hanafi scholars, the criterion for the extreme contact is the hardening of the penis; According to Imam Muhammad, wudu is not invalidated unless some wetness like madi comes out. According to Malikis and Hanbalis, wudu is invalidated if sexual pleasure is felt.
10 – If a person who has made tayammum sees water, his wudu is invalidated.
11 – Wudu of an excused person is invalidated if the time for a prayer ends.
12 – If a person gets drunk by drinking alcohol or taking drug, his wudu is invalidated. It is haram to take intoxicants but the amount that is not enough to make a person drunk does not invalidate wudu.