What are the Things that Invalidate Wudu?

                                                          Islam the Religion of Peace
                                 

                                              What are the Things that Invalidate Wudu?
1 – Any dirty things, liquid or substance like urine, feces, sperm, madi, blood, etc coming out of urinary tract and anus.
2 – Wind coming out of anus (farting).
3 – Apart from the urinary tract and anus, liquid like blood, pus, yellow water coming from any part of the body. The blood that comes out of the body does not invalidate wudu unless it flows or it diffuses on its own around the place where it comes out of.  The pus and yellow water coming out of a wound. If this liquid, which does not diffuse on its own, is wiped, wudu is not invalidated. Blood extracted through cupping and leeches.
As for the liquids other than blood, pus and yellow water, they invalidate wudu if they flow due to an illness. For instance, if a person's eyes water due to an eye illness, his wudu is invalidated.  The liquids that come out due to causes other than illnesses do not invalidate wudu. For instance, tears shed due to crying and laughing a lot or liquid coming out of the nose due to cold weather do not invalidate wudu.
Pure water coming out of blisters on the body is like blood and invalidates wudu according to a view. According to another view, it does not invalidate wudu. In the second view, there is great ease for the people who have scabies and smallpox. It is reported from Imam Hulwani that there is no drawback to acting in accordance with this view when there is a necessity. The wetness caused by eczema and the rash between fingers do not invalidate wudu.
*According to Shafiis, liquids like blood, pus, yellow water, etc coming from any organs except the urinary tract and anus do not invalidate wudu
4 – To vomit a mouthful. The thing vomited may be food, water or bile. If a person vomits in small amounts, his wudu is invalidated if it amounts to a mouthful all together.
5 – If a person spits saliva in which blood is more than or equal to water. Which one is more is understood from the color. If it is yellow, water is more; if it is reddish, it is equal; if it is red, blood is more. If water in the saliva is more than blood, wudu is not invalidated. If traces of blood are seen when a person bites a quince, apple, etc, his wudu is not invalidated.
6 – Sleep that makes a person lose his control invalidates wudu whether he sleeps on his sides, on his back, face down or leaning on his elbow. A short nap in which a person can hear the talks around him does not invalidate wudu.
When a person sleeps by leaning on something, his wudu is invalidated if he falls when that thing is removed.
7 – To faint and be unconscious for a short or long time.
8 – To laugh in prayer. To smile and to laugh are different. To laugh is aloud and it is heard. Therefore, it invalidates wudu if one laughs while performing a prayer. When wudu is invalidated, the prayer is also invalidated. To smile is silent; therefore, it does not invalidate prayer or wudu. However, if a person laughs slightly so that only he himself hears it, his prayer is invalidated but his wudu is valid.
* According to Shafiis, wudu is not invalidated even if a person laughs loudly while performing a prayer.
9 – Sexual intercourse or extreme touching and contact. According to Hanafis, if the skins of a woman and man touch each other, their wudu is not invalidated but if they contact each other extremely while they are naked or without any garment that will prevent them from feeling the heat of their bodies, caress, hug each other lustfully, their wudu is invalidated. According to the most of the Hanafi scholars, the criterion for the extreme contact is the hardening of the penis; According to Imam Muhammad, wudu is not invalidated unless some wetness like madi comes out. According to Malikis and Hanbalis, wudu is invalidated if sexual pleasure is felt.
10 – If a person who has made tayammum sees water, his wudu is invalidated.
11 – Wudu of an excused person is invalidated if the time for a prayer ends.
12 – If a person gets drunk by drinking alcohol or taking drug, his wudu is invalidated. It is haram to take intoxicants but the amount that is not enough to make a person drunk does not invalidate wudu.

What are the Makruhs of Wudu?

                                               

                                                   Islam the Religion of Peace
                                              What are the Makruhs of Wudu?
Everything that is contrary to the sunnahs and adabs of wudu is regarded as makruh. Primary makruhs of wudu are as follows:
1 - To waste water; to use more than necessary water.
2 - To decrease the amount of water; that is, to wash an organ with very little water as if wiping it.
3 - To wash the organs by splashing water against them.
4 - To talk unnecessarily while making wudu.
5 - To ask for help while making wudu though there is no necessity.
Once the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was drawing water from a well. When Hz. Umar saw it, he ran toward him to help him. However, the Messenger of Allah stopped him and said.
"O Umar! Stop! I do not want help from anybody for prayer."
However, it is permissible to accept help if there is a necessity or if somebody offers help voluntarily.

What are the Adabs (Mustahabs) of Wudu?

                                 



                                         

                                                           Islam the Religion of Peace
                                                 What are the Adabs (Mustahabs) of Wudu?
The mustahabs (adabs) of wudu are as follows: If they are done, rewards are received. If they are not done, no blaming or punishment is in question.
1 - To stand in a high place in order to protect oneself from the splashing of water while making wudu.
2 - To turn toward the qiblah while making wudu .
3 - Not to ask help from anybody while making wudu. That is, to try to make wudu on one's own without the help of anybody unless one is ill or needs the help of others due to an excuse. If somebody helps a person voluntarily without being asked, there is no drawback to it. It does not violate adabs. As a matter of fact, it is written in hadith books that some Companions poured water out of a pitcher for the Messenger of Allah and received his dua though the Messenger of Allah did not ask help from them. This shows that there is no drawback to accepting the voluntary help of others like preparing water for wudu and pouring it.
4 - Not to talk while making wudu unless it is necessary. For, worldly talk prevents a person from reading wudu supplications.
5 - To intend to make wudu by the tongue along with the heart and to remember this intention (niyyah) throughout wudu.
6 - To utter basmala separately for each organ that is washed and to read wudu supplications reported from salaf. If a person does not know these supplications, he can utter salawat for the Messenger of Allah.
7 - To move the ring which is not tight and which allows the water under. If the ring is tight, it must be moved.
8 - To put water in the mouth and the nose through the right hand.
9 - To throw the water out of the nose using the left hand.
10 - Not to use water extravagantly or too thriftily while making wudu. That is, not to waste and not to act stingily.
Once the Messenger of Allah saw Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas, one of the Companions, making wudu by using a lot of water. He said to him,
- What is this extravagance? Thereupon, Sa'd asked in astonishment: "Is there extravagance in wudu?"
Thereupon, the Prophet answered him as follows:
- Yes. Even if you make wudu near a river, it will regarded as israf (waste) if you spend too much water."
11 - To make wudu before the time for a prayer starts or to try to have wudu all the time except for an excused person.
It is very virtuous to make wudu before the time for a prayer starts because this prepares a person spiritually for worship and makes him turn to worship with his heart.
To have wudu all the time is a means of attaining great rewards and spiritual benefits. For, such a person can do any righteous deeds that need to be done by having wudu anywhere and anytime. He can perform prayers in congregation, perform supererogatory prayers and janazah prayers and can hold the Quran (mushaf) anytime. In short, it becomes possible to do all kinds of righteous deeds thanks to having wudu. Besides, if he dies when he has wudu, it is hoped that he will attain the rank of martyrdom.
It is stated in a hadith that angels always ask forgiveness for a person who has wudu all the time and goes to bed having wudu.
It is narrated that seven good qualities are granted to a person who has wudu all the time:
* Angels like his talk and visit him.
* The pen always writes rewards for him.
* All of the organs of that person glorify Allah.
* He always goes to the mosque and does not miss the congregation.
* Angels protect him from the harmful things that can hit him in the dark.
* During the time of death, he dies easily.
* He is protected by Allah Almighty.
12 - To make wudu though one has wudu. It is stated in a hadith that if a person makes wudu though he has wudu, he will be given ten rewards.
13 - To turn toward the qibla at the end of wudu and utter kalima ash-shahadah, and to pray as follows:
"Allahumma'j'alni minattawwabina wa'j'alni mina'l-mutatahhirin (O Allah! Make me among those who repent and purify themselves." (*)
14 - Not to make wudu with water heated under the sun. It is said that invisible harmful rays in the sun will penetrate into water and that it will harm the health of the person who makes wudu with it.
15 - (For those who make wudu with a pitcher) not to leave the pitcher empty and to fill it for the next wudu. It is said that this will enable a person to make Satan give up hope of delaying his prayer.
16 - To read the chapter of al-Qadr after uttering kalima ash-shahada at the end of wudu.
17 - To exaggerate while washing the arms, face and feet. That is, to wash the arms up to the shoulders, to wash the feet up to the knees and to wash the face down to the neck. The reason for this exaggeration is that the faces and wudu organs of the ummah of Muhammad will be bright and luminous on the Day of Judgment. This is something given to the Islamic ummah only.
It is recommended in a hadith to exaggerate while washing the organs of wudu in order to increase this brightness, luminosity and whiteness:
"Doubtlessly, my ummah will turn up with luminous faces and white wudu organs on the Day of Judgment due to the traces of wudu. Increase this luminosity and whiteness if you can."
18 - To perform a two-rak'ah prayer after wudu if it is not time of karahah.